Naranjo-Zolotov, Mijail JuanovichSilva, Caroline Helen da2024-11-062024-11-062024-10-28http://hdl.handle.net/10362/174698Dissertation presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Information Management, specialization in Information Systems and Technologies ManagementOrganizational cybersecurity is a complex socio-technical challenge that interlaces the protection of digital assets and cyberspace with human behavior vulnerabilities. The alarming rise in cyberattacks against the global critical infrastructure, combined with dreadful future projections, emphasizes the need for innovative cybersecurity strategies, such as to adopt an AI-driven cybersecurity approach, leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to fortify and proactively strength organizational cybersecurity solutions. However, AI advancements are also becoming increasingly accessible to malicious actors, intensifying cybersecurity challenges. To address that, the often-overlooked Human-in-the-loop (HITL) approach has the potential to significantly improve measures, rising above the limitations in automation and AIdriven cybersecurity techniques. This research path starts with a systematic literature review of cybersecurity, AI, HITL and the socio-technical approach, followed by an instrumental case study analysis of the destructive NotPetya cyberattack, that subsequently, led to the development of the AI-HITL dimensions and finally the proposition of the AI-HITL approach for cybersecurity, which allows customization of strategies to meet specific organizational needs, and provides the foundation for future research efforts. In the AI-HITL approach, complementarity, achieved through the distinct integration of AI and HITL capabilities, advances cybersecurity measures, facilitates resourcefulness and ensures a higher level of security and readiness to effectively combat cyber threats in this constantly evolving domain.engCybersecurityArtificial intelligenceAI-Driven CybersecurityHuman-in-the-loopSocialtechnical systemsAI capabilitiesHITL capabilitiesAI-HITL approachSDG 8 - Decent work and economic growthSDG 9 - Industry, innovation and infrastructuremaster thesis203778227