Marques, IsabelGouveia, DuarteGaillard, Jean CharlesMartins, SóniaSemedo, Magda C.Lidon, Fernando C.DaMatta, Fábio M.Ribeiro-Barros, Ana I.Armengaud, JeanRamalho, José C.2023-03-212023-03-212022-01-082073-4395PURE: 56523623PURE UUID: d115ddb4-4614-4f26-ae63-bb5208c9d744Scopus: 85123702819WOS: 000749817300001http://hdl.handle.net/10362/151029Funding Information: Fellowships from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Brazil (CNPq), and the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brazil (FAPEMIG, project CRA-RED-00053-16), to F.M. DaMatta are also greatly acknowledged. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Drought is a major threat to coffee, compromising the quality and quantity of its production. We have analyzed the core proteome of 18 Coffea canephora cv. Conilon Clone 153 and C. arabica cv. Icatu plants and assessed their responses to moderate (MWD) and severe (SWD) water deficits. Label-free quantitative shotgun proteomics identified 3000 proteins in both genotypes, but less than 0.8% contributed to ca. 20% of proteome biomass. Proteomic changes were dependent on the severity of drought, being stronger under SWD and with an enrolment of different proteins, functions, and pathways than under MWD. The two genotypes displayed stress-responsive proteins under SWD, but only C. arabica showed a higher abundance of proteins involved in antioxidant detoxification activities. Overall, the impact of MWD was minor in the two genotypes, contrary to previous studies. In contrast, an extensive proteomic response was found under SWD, with C. arabica having a greater potential for acclimation/resilience than C. canephora. This is likely supported by a wider antioxidative response and an ability to repair photosynthetic structures, being crucial to develop new elite genotypes that assure coffee supply under water scarcity levels.202417875engAcclimationClimate changeCoffeeComparative proteomeWater deficit responseAgronomy and Crop ScienceSDG 6 - Clean Water and SanitationSDG 13 - Climate Actionjournal article10.3390/agronomy12010148https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85123702819