Sebastião, Cruz SNeto, Zoraimade Jesus, Carlos SMirandela, MarinelaJandondo, DomingosCouto-Fernandez, José CTanuri, AmilcarMorais, JoanaBrito, Miguel2020-04-142020-04-142019-11-261932-6203PURE: 17643399PURE UUID: b6b83915-b024-4d19-ab1a-b2a30f180fcePubMed: 31770425PubMedCentral: PMC6879122Scopus: 85075618640WOS: 000533892300012http://hdl.handle.net/10362/96168Monitoring genetic diversity and drug resistance mutations (DRMs) is critical for understanding HIV epidemiology. Here, we report HIV-1 genetic diversity and DRMs in blood samples from 42 HIV-positive pregnant women naive to antiretroviral therapy (ART), in Luanda. The samples were subjected to nested-PCR, followed by sequencing of HIV-1 pol gene, targeting the protease and reverse transcriptase fragments. HIV-1 diversity was analyzed using the REGA HIV-1 subtyping tool and DRMs were identified using the Calibrated Population Resistance tool. A total of 34 sequences were obtained. The data revealed wide HIV-1 subtypes heterogeneity, with subtype C (38%, 13/34) the most frequent, followed by the subtypes F1 (18%, 6/34), A1 (9%, 3/34), G (9%, 3/34), D (6%, 2/34) and H (3%, 1/34). In addition, recombinants strains were detected, with CRF02_AG (6%, 2/34) the most frequent, followed by CRF37_cpx, F1/C, A1/G and H/G, all with 3% (1/34). A total of 6/34 (18%) of the sequences presented DRMs. The non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors presented 15% (5/34) of resistance. Moreover, 1/34 (3%) sequence presented resistance against both non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, simultaneously. Despite the small sample size, our results suggest the need to update currently used ART regimens. Surveillance of HIV-1 subtypes and DRMs are necessary to understand HIV epidemiology and to guide modification of ART guidelines in Angola.916168engAdolescentAdultAngolaAnti-HIV Agents/pharmacologyCross-Sectional StudiesDrug Resistance, ViralFemaleGenetic VariationGenotyping TechniquesHIV Infections/diagnosisHIV-1/classificationHumansPhylogenyPopulation SurveillancePregnancyPregnancy Complications, Infectious/virologySample SizeSequence Analysis, RNA/methodsYoung Adultpol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/geneticsSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingjournal article10.1371/journal.pone.0225251