Novas, DiogoFortes, AlessandroVieira, PedroCoelho, João M.P.2025-09-042025-09-042025-071424-8220PURE: 128681778PURE UUID: bb379300-f649-41fc-a308-2e3deb88f4a4Scopus: 105011634964PubMed: 40732623http://hdl.handle.net/10362/187550Funding Information: This work was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia—FCT under Strategic Programme UID/00645/2025—IBEB. Copyright: © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, SwitzerlandLaser energy is widely used as a selective photothermal heating agent in cancer treatment, standing out for not relying on ionizing radiation. However, in vivo tests have highlighted the need to develop irradiation techniques that allow precise control over the illuminated area, adapting it to the tumor size to further minimize damage to surrounding healthy tissue. To address this challenge, a proof of concept based on a laser irradiation system has been designed, enabling control over energy, exposure time, and irradiated area, using galvanometric mirrors. The control software, implemented in Python, employs a set of cameras (visible and infrared) to detect and monitor real-time thermal distributions in the region of interest, transmitting this information to a microcontroller responsible for adjusting the laser power and controlling the scanning process. Image alignment procedures, tunning of the controller’s gain parameters and the impact of the different engineering parameters are illustrated on a dedicated setup. As proof of concept, this approach has demonstrated the ability to irradiate a phantom of black modeling clay within an area of up to 5 cm × 5 cm, from 15 cm away, as well as to monitor and regulate the temperature over time (5 min).4369876enggalvanometric mirrorslaser irradiation systemphotothermal therapyreal-time temperature controlscanning opticsskin cancer treatmentthermal imagingAnalytical ChemistryInformation SystemsAtomic and Molecular Physics, and OpticsBiochemistryInstrumentationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingjournal article10.3390/s25144495https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105011634964