Damásio, Bruno Miguel PintoMendonça, Sandro Miguel FerreiraDias, Isabel Maria Couto2024-11-072024-11-072024-10-29http://hdl.handle.net/10362/174781Dissertation presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Data Science and Advanced Analytics, specialization in Data ScienceThe number of retractions issued every year has shown an increasing trend, a phenomenon that has raised questions regarding scientists’ research integrity and the mechanisms set in place to identify potential problems. The biomedical area, in particular, has been a source of a high rate of retractions. This study aimed to determine whether the retractions reflect heightened concern in post-publication corrections to the scientific literature or the consequence of a poor self-policing system. Several indicators suggest that the surge in retractions can be attributed partially to increased scrutiny. While more journals are retracting articles, the retraction rate per journal remained relatively stable until 2020. Articles are faster to retract, while at the same time, articles further in the past are also being removed more. Moreover, citations to retracted articles have an immediate and prolonged decline. Given this issue's complexity, it is impossible to conclude that concerns are more pronounced in biomedicine compared to other fields, as various analyses reveal divergent results regarding which scientific domains exhibit the highest levels of concern. However, this analysis provided a comprehensive view of various measures of concern.engRetracted articlesBiomedicineResearch MisconductRetraction CitationsBibliometricsSDG 3 - Good health and well-beingSDG 4 - Quality educationSDG 9 - Industry, innovation and infrastructureSDG 16 - Peace, justice and strong institutionsmaster thesis203776399