NSBE - Capítulos de livros internacionais
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- Apolitical, professional, or institutionalPublication . Ortiz casillas, Samantha; NOVA School of Business and Economics (NOVA SBE)The work of public administration is important, from attending to the everyday needs of citizens to addressing complex social problems. Across organizations, a wide variety of workers design, plan, implement, manage, and evaluate the actions that make governments function. Yet, while central to governing capacity, the study of expertise in public administration has been limited and fragmented. Efforts to understand it adopt narrow definitions of expertise as professional or scientific knowledge and are driven by concerns over workers’ politization, interference with political authority, and democratic will. In this essay, I map out classical and contemporary understandings of expertise in the context of public administration and propose a research agenda. I identify in the literature notions of expertise as apolitical, professional, or institutional and argue in favor of the last one. Institutional expertise refers to workers’ ability to perform tasks and fulfill organizational mandates by navigating the formal and informal structures, relationships, norms, and practices that facilitate and constrain action within public administration. It explains how workers reconcile the technical, administrative, and political dimensions of government work and “keep the lights on” across changes and crises. I argue that looking into the political dimension of expertise, at workers below the top and behind the frontline, and at more diverse and challenging contexts, can improve our understanding of expertise in the context of public administration.
- Destructive leadershipPublication . Breevaart, Kimberley; Schyns, Birgit; Neves, Pedro; NOVA School of Business and Economics (NOVA SBE)Destructive leadership - in its many forms and configurations - causes major harm to individuals, teams, organizations, and even societies. It is therefore surprising that destructive leadership has received little scholarly attention in comparison to constructive leadership, while research has shown that both types of leadership are similarly impactful. In this chapter, we discuss trends in research on destructive leadership and provide counterarguments for the trivialization the importance of studying destructive leadership. Additionally, we provide an overview of the book. The aims of this book are to provide a state-of-the art overview of the field and to stimulate more systematic high-quality research on destructive leadership by providing clear new avenues for research. To reach these aims, this book includes 19 chapters divided into three parts: (I) Forms of destructive leadership, (II) Boundary conditions and context, and (III) Methods relevant to the study of destructive leadership.
- The economyPublication . Peralta, Susana; NOVA School of Business and Economics (NOVA SBE)This chapter provides a description of the recent evolution of the Portuguese economy, focusing on the two decades before and the two decades after the turn of the century. The 21st century has been characterized by a disappointing record in terms of GDP growth, marked by two major crises and an unprecedented accumulation of public and external debt. Notwithstanding, poverty and inequality in the country have been steadily decreasing, except for temporary peaks. The chapter provides a subjective, impressionist list of bottlenecks of the Portuguese economy. It also discusses some features of the recovery and resilience plan, the post-Covid economic policy of the European Union. The chapter concludes by comparing the evolution of the Portuguese economy with some European Union counterparts on selected indicators.
- Elgar introduction to designing organizationsPublication . Cunha, Miguel Pina e; Clegg, Stewart; Gaim, Medhanie; Giustiniano, Luca; NOVA School of Business and Economics (NOVA SBE)Presenting the emergence of new organizational designs in a novel way, this insightful book blends theory and practice to examine major trends and directions, the key ideas that underpin organizational design and how these ideas might be applied. The authors explore how, in a world characterized by relentless change and volatility, traditional bureaucracies of the past are increasingly regarded as being too slow and centralized. Instead, emerging ideas, such as platforms, ecosystems, holacracies, agility and improvisation are gaining purchase. Focusing on key trends and forms of design, the book offers an approach to organizing that accommodates paradoxes and offers a fresh view on managing organizational design. Rich in anecdotes and examples, the Elgar Introduction to Designing Organizations will be a useful guide for business and management scholars and advanced students with a focus on organizational studies and innovation. It will be beneficial for business managers thinking about how to design their organization so that it is fit for contemporary purposes.
- Artificial intelligence and the future of practical wisdom in business managementPublication . Clegg, Stewart; Berti, Marco; Simpson, Ace Volkmann; Cunha, Miguel Pina e; NOVA School of Business and Economics (NOVA SBE)As dozens of countries propose new Artificial Intelligence (AI) strategies and regulations and as industry develops new AI principles and best practices, we reflect on the implications of the growth of AI for the managerial excise of practical wisdom or phronesis. We explore specifically the importance of supplementing and challenging AI with the practical wisdom of organic human intelligence. To this end, we discuss examples of the many contradictions that lay at the interface of AI and human intelligence before reflecting on how managers and leaders might cultivate phronesis to address these tensions.
- Evolution of the annual cycle of Burned Area in Portugal from 1980 to 2018Publication . Silva, Pedro; Carmo, Miguel; Rio, João; Novo, Ilda; Instituto de História Contemporânea (IHC)The lengthening of the fire season in Portugal has been understudied, although there is evidence of changes in recent decades. In this brief study, we focused on the annual cycles of fire activity and related meteorological fire danger, thus bypassing the problem of subjective definition of what should mark the beginning and end of the fire season. Based on the daily time series of burned areas and occurrences collected in mainland Portugal by state services from 1980 to 2018, we searched for significant changes in the monthly and daily relative in-year distributions. In particular, an exceedance date method was used to determine day-scale trends in the anticipation/prolongation of fire activity in the year. We found an unequivocal diminishing trend in the proportion of annual burned area that occurs in the summer months (July to September), which was offset by an increase in the fraction from January to June. Apparently, the month of March plays an important role in these changes that should be clarified in future analyses. The daily analysis shows a clear shift of the cumulative curves of burned area to the left, which suggests an in-year anticipation of fire activity. Considering the dates of exceedance of the 15% of annual burned area, the found linear trend implies an anticipation rate of 1.34 days per year. Next, we evaluated seasonal changes in fire weather through the annual cycle of cumulative DSR, computed from daily FWI values. The results show, on average, an earlier increase in DSR when comparing the latter second half of the period (2000-2018) with the first one former (1980-1999). This difference develops from April to the end of September. Interestingly, a closer look shows a first increase in the gap as early as March, which disappears in April before steadily increasing again. Finally, we suggested that up-to-date knowledge of the interannual and interdecadal changes in the seasonality of both wildfires and fire weather is a decisive component, but not the only one, of a comprehensive and complex management of the fire season. A good illustration of this complexity is the fact that the annual definition of the fire season window necessarily affects the annual fire cycle by conditioning the ignition calendar.
- War Finance (Portugal)Publication . Silva, Álvaro Ferreira da; Amaral, Luciano; NOVA School of Business and Economics (NOVA SBE)Portugal financed the extraordinary expenditures of the First World War in the same way as many other countries, i.e. running budgetary deficits, issuing debt, and printing money. By the end of the war, all nations were facing the same dilemma - they could either adopt a deflationary monetary policy or embark on a fairly aggressive policy of currency devaluation. Due to political weakness, successive Portuguese governments accepted the latter. This inflationary policy penalized mostly private savings and the share of the population relying on fixed incomes, but it also slowed down the contraction of the economy.
- Vocational educationPublication . Henriques, Rafaela; Nunes, Luís Catela; Balcão Reis, Ana; Seabra, Maria do Carmo; NOVA School of Business and Economics (NOVA SBE)
- Does the age of entry in primary school affect student’s achievement?Publication . Madeira, Miguel; Nunes, Luís Catela; Balcão Reis, Ana; Seabra, Maria do Carmo; NOVA School of Business and Economics (NOVA SBE)
- Migration internationale et transfert de normes politiquesPublication . Batista, Cátia; Seither, Julia; Vicente, Pedro C.; NOVA School of Business and Economics (NOVA SBE)