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    <link>http://hdl.handle.net/10362/4190</link>
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    <dc:date>2013-05-23T18:37:42Z</dc:date>
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  <item rdf:about="http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8531">
    <title>Expressão em Escherichia coli de antigénios do Cell fusing agent virus (Flaviviridae: Flavivirus) como proteína de fusão</title>
    <link>http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8531</link>
    <description>Title: Expressão em Escherichia coli de antigénios do Cell fusing agent virus (Flaviviridae: Flavivirus) como proteína de fusão
Authors: Marques, Sandra Eugénia Leite
Abstract: RESUMO: O Cell Fusing Agent Vírus (CFAV), considerado como o primeiro “flavivírus&#xD;
específicos de insectos” (ISF), parece estar exclusivamente adaptado aos seus&#xD;
hospedeiros, não replicando em células de vertebrados. Apesar de ter sido identificado&#xD;
há mais de três décadas (1975), a verdade é que muito pouco se conhece sobre a sua&#xD;
biologia. Dado o seu parentesco filogenético com alguns outros flavivírus encontrados&#xD;
naturalmente em mosquitos de diferentes géneros colhidos em diferentes regiões do&#xD;
globo, este vírus poderá ser usado como modelo para o estudo de ISF. No entanto,&#xD;
necessitam do desenvolvimento de ferramentas básicas, tais como clones moleculares&#xD;
ou baterias de soros contendo anticorpos que reconheçam uma ou mais proteínas&#xD;
codificadas pelo genoma viral, produzidas, por exemplo, a partir de antigénios virais&#xD;
produzidos de forma recombinante.&#xD;
Com este trabalho pretendeu-se a optimização de protocolos que permitiram a&#xD;
expressão e purificação parcial de quatro proteínas [duas proteínas estruturais (C e E) e duas não estruturais (NS3hel e NS5B)] do CFAV em E. coli, todas elas produzidas&#xD;
como proteínas de fusão com “caudas” (tags) de hexahistidina nos seus extremos&#xD;
carboxilo.&#xD;
Para a expansão do CFAV foram utilizadas células Aedes albopictus (C6/36).&#xD;
Após a realização da extracção do RNA viral e a obtenção de cDNA, procedeu-se&#xD;
amplificação, por RT-PCR, das regiões codificantes das proteínas C, E, NS3hel e&#xD;
NS5B, utilizando primers específicos. Os quatro fragmentos de DNA foram&#xD;
independentemente inseridos no vector pJTE1.2/blunt usando E. coli NovaBlue como&#xD;
hospedeira de clonagem e, posteriormente, inseridos em vectores de expressão pET-28b&#xD;
e pET-29b usando E. coli BL21(DE3)pLysS e Rosetta(DE3)pLysS como hospedeiras de&#xD;
expressão.&#xD;
Após da indução, expressão e purificação das proteínas recombinantes C, E, NS3hel e NS5B, foi confirmada a autenticidade destas proteínas produzidas através do método Western Blot com um anticorpo anti-histidina. --------- ABSTRACT: The Cell Fusing Agent virus (CFAV) considered as the first "insect- specific&#xD;
flavivirus" (ISF) and seems to be uniquely adapted to their hosts, not replicating in&#xD;
vertebrate cells. Although it has been known for more than three decades (1975), the&#xD;
truth is very little is known about its biology. Given its close phylogenetic relationship with other flavivirus naturally circulating in various genera of mosquitoes collected from different regions of the globe, this virus could be used as a model for the study of ISF. However, such studies require the development of experimental basic tools, such as molecular clones or serum batteries containing antibodies that recognize one or more proteins encoded by the viral genome, produced, for example, from viral antigens recombinant produced.&#xD;
In this work, we carried out the optimization of protocols that allowed the&#xD;
expression and partial purification of four proteins [two structural proteins (C and E)&#xD;
and two nonstructural proteins (NS3hel and NS5B)] CFAV in E. coli as fusion protein&#xD;
for c-terminal hexahistidine tags.&#xD;
For the expansion of the CFAV we used Aedes albopictus (C6/36) cells. After completion of the viral RNA extraction and cDNA obtained, amplification of the coding&#xD;
regions of the C, E, NS5B and NS3hel proteins was carried out by RT-PCR using&#xD;
specific primers. The four DNA fragments were independently inserted into the vector&#xD;
pJTE1.2/blunt using E. coli NovaBlue as cloning host and then inserted into expression vectors pET-28b and pET-29b using E. coli BL21(DE3)pLysS and Rosetta(DE3)pLysS&#xD;
as expression host.&#xD;
After induction, expression and purification of recombinant C, E, NS3hel and NS5B proteins Western Blot analyses with an anti-histidine antibody confirmed the&#xD;
authenticity of these proteins produced.</description>
    <dc:date>2012-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8401">
    <title>Analysis of the pathway of developing a national mental health plan for Suriname</title>
    <link>http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8401</link>
    <description>Title: Analysis of the pathway of developing a national mental health plan for Suriname
Authors: Jintie, Herman Alwin
Abstract: ABSTRACT: The aim of this analysis was to analyze and describe the steps that have been taken in the development of the mental health policy in Suriname after the WHO AIMS. The objectives are: 1.To review the steps to be taken in developing a mental health policy and plan for a country&#xD;
2.To gather information and data concerning mental health policy and plan development in&#xD;
Suriname 3.To draw conclusion from the experience gained that can be applied to other countries. In general, the information that was gathered from the four countries Guyana, Barbados, Trinidad &amp; Tobago and Suriname, was compared with the WHO steps for developing a mental health policy and plan. Were these steps taken into consideration, when developing their mental&#xD;
health policy and plan? If not, what were the reasons why it did not happen? The checklist for evaluating a mental health plan was used in Suriname. This checklist assisted to see if the results of the recommendations given by the WHO AIMS to develop a effective and balanced mental&#xD;
health plan were taken into consideration. The mayor findings of the analysis are that Suriname as well as Guyana used the steps in&#xD;
developing their mental health policy and plan. Barbados and Trinidad &amp; Tobago did not&#xD;
develop a mental health policy and plan. Suriname and Guyana have a mental health&#xD;
coordinating body at the Ministry of Health. Trinidad &amp; Tobago as well as Barbados have a&#xD;
mental health focal person at the Ministry of Health of the respective countries.&#xD;
It can be concluded that successfully improving of health systems and services for mental health is combining theoretical concepts, expert knowledge and cooperation of many stakeholders. The appointment of a mental health coordinating unit at the Ministry of Health is crucial for the&#xD;
development of mental health in a country. Furthermore, mental health is everyone’s business and responsibility. Implementing the steps to be taken when developing a mental health policy and plan as recommended by WHO may be a slow process requiring the mobilization of political will. That’s why it is crucial that persons responsible for this process work close with all&#xD;
stakeholders in relevant sectors, taking their needs into consideration and try to translate that in clear objectives. It is common knowledge that improving the quality of mental health must be accompanied by the availability of financial and human resources. Finally, a mental health policy and plan should be one document tackling all aspects of mental health of a community.</description>
    <dc:date>2012-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8172">
    <title>Desenvolvimento de um serviço local de Saúde Mental em Famalicão </title>
    <link>http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8172</link>
    <description>Title: Desenvolvimento de um serviço local de Saúde Mental em Famalicão 
Authors: Teixeira, José Pedro Novais de Carvalho Dias 
Abstract: RESUMO: O desenvolvimento de serviços locais adequados deve ser baseado numa avaliação&#xD;
sistemática das necessidades e resultados obtidos nos cuidados a uma população de&#xD;
indivíduos identificados como apresentando uma doença mental na área de&#xD;
referenciação do serviço. Neste sentido foram utilizados os seguintes métodos: dados&#xD;
epidemiológicos acerca das necessidades locais e taxas de utilização de serviços a nível nacional e local, este último com base no case-register.&#xD;
Os diagnósticos de maior prevalência em ambulatório são as perturbações de humor e&#xD;
as perturbações neuróticas de stress ou somatoformes, com uma preponderância de&#xD;
doenças mentais comuns (depressão e ansiedade) em serviços de psiquiatria.&#xD;
Constatam-se baixas taxas de abandono da consulta (12%). A idade, a doença e a&#xD;
escolaridade estão correlacionados com o risco de drop-out, mas utilizada a regressão&#xD;
logística, a idade e a escolaridade perdem o seu significado estatístico. Encontram-se&#xD;
taxas reduzidas de drop-out dos indivíduos com psicose ou perturbações bipolares, em&#xD;
virtude da intervenção activa da equipa.&#xD;
Os custos de transporte, a distância ao local de consulta e o tempo de espera para a&#xD;
primeira consulta são barreiras no acesso aos cuidados a nível local. Os cuidadores não&#xD;
se sentem apoiados pela rede de suporte social e queixam-se sobretudo da&#xD;
acessibilidade, mas exibem elevadas taxas de satisfação com os serviços prestados.&#xD;
Decidiu-se apostar numa organização do serviço baseada na comunidade, com&#xD;
intervenções baseadas na evidência, dando prioridade ao doente mental grave e à&#xD;
qualidade dos cuidados.----------- ABSTRACT: The development of appropriate local services should be based on a systematic&#xD;
assessment of the needs and outcomes of the population of individuals identified as&#xD;
mentally ill within the service’s catchment area. A number of methods may be used as&#xD;
proxies in assessing local needs for services, such as service utilization rates found&#xD;
nationally and locally, by case-register.&#xD;
The most prevalent diagnoses in ambulatory care are mood disorders and neurotic,&#xD;
stress and somatoform disorders, with a majority of common mental disorders&#xD;
(depression and anxiety) in psychiatric services.&#xD;
Low dropout rates (12%) are found in ambulatory care. Age, disease and education are&#xD;
correlated with the risk of drop-out, but after using logistic regression, age and&#xD;
education lose their statistical significance. Low drop-out rates are found in individuals with psychosis or bipolar disorders, because the active intervention from the team.&#xD;
The costs of transportation, distance and the waiting time for the first consultation are barriers in access of care locally. Carers do not feel supported by the network of social support and complain primarily of accessibility, but exhibit high levels of satisfaction with the services provided.&#xD;
It was decided to invest in a service organization based in the community with&#xD;
evidence-based interventions, giving priority to severe mental illness and quality of care.</description>
    <dc:date>2012-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
  </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8171">
    <title>The sense of ending: the closing of a psychiatric hospital in Lisbon - Hospital Miguel Bombarda</title>
    <link>http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8171</link>
    <description>Title: The sense of ending: the closing of a psychiatric hospital in Lisbon - Hospital Miguel Bombarda
Authors: Taron, Marisa Cavaleiro Real Correia
Abstract: RESUMO: Este estudo foi realizado com o objectivo de conhecer os efeitos da desinstitucionalização dos doentes psiquiátricos crónicos durante o processo de encerramento do Hospital Miguel Bombarda (2007-2011). Este processo incluiu a fusão, em 2008, dos dois principais hospitais psiquiátricos de Lisboa- Hospital Miguel Bombarda (HMB) e Hospital Júlio de Matos (HJM), no Centro Psiquiátrico Hospitalar de Lisboa (CHPL). Foi criado um grupo controlo de pacientes ainda hospitalizados no CHPL (n=166) para comparação com o grupo de casos desinstitucionalizados (n=146). Desta amostra inicial (n=312) apenas 142 (76 casos e 66 controlos) foram incluídos, sendo as principais causas de exclusão: diagnóstico (patologia orgânica, demência ou debilidade mental, como diagnóstico primário) e transferência entre hospitais. A desinstitucionalização foi principalmente avaliada em termos de psicopatologia, utilização de serviços, satisfação, crime, condição de “sem abrigo” ou morte. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria dos doentes crónicos pode sair do hospital psiquiátrico para a comunidade sem agravamento da psicopatologia, aumento do crime ou da condição de “sem abrigo”. A satisfação parece estar aumentada na população desinstitucionalizada. A mortalidade, por outro lado, revelou-se uma questão problemática: apesar de não ter sido possível estabelecer uma comparação entre casos e controlos, a Taxa de Mortalidade Standard encontrada neste estudo foi muito superior ao esperado, de acordo com os resultados encontrados na literatura. Um estudo longitudinal da mesma população poderá ser objecto de futura investigação, possivelmente comparada com outra população similar de um programa de desinstitucionalização noutro país.---------&#xD;
RÉSUMÉ: Cette étude a été menée afin de déterminer les effets de la désinstitutionnalisation des patients chroniques lors de la fermeture de l'hôpital Miguel Bombarda (2007-2011). Ce processus comprenait la fusion en 2008 de deux grands hôpitaux psychiatriques de Lisbonne: À savoir, Hôpital Miguel Bombarda (HMB) et Hôpital Julio de Matos (HJM), maintenant Centre de l'Hôpital Psychiatrique de Lisbonne (CHPL). Il a été créé un groupe contrôle des patients toujours hospitalisés à CHPL (n = 166) pour comparer avec les cas désinstitutionnalisés (n = 146). De cet échantillon initial (n= 312) à peine 142 (76 cas et 66 contrôles) ont été inclus, les principales raisons d'exclusion: diagnostique (maladie organique, démence ou d'arriération mentale comme diagnostic primaire) et les transferts entre hôpitaux. La désinstitutionnalisation a été principalement évaluée en termes de psychopathologie, de l'utilisation des services, la satisfaction, la criminalité, les “sans abri” et de la mort. Les résultats ont montré que la majorité des malades chroniques peuvent quitter l'hôpital psychiatrique et s´intégrer dans la communauté sans aggravation de la psychopathologie, augmentation de la criminalité ou du nombre de “sans-abri”. La satisfaction semble être en hausse dans la population désinstitutionnalisée. Toutefois, la mortalité s'est avéré être une question problématique, même si il n´a pas été possible d'établir une comparaison entre les cas et les contrôles, le Taux de Mortalité Standard estimé dans cette étude fut beaucoup plus élevé que prévu, en tenant compte des résultats établis dans la littérature. Une étude longitudinale de la même population pourra faire l'objet de futures recherches, peut-être comparé à une population similaire d'un programme de désinstitutionnalisation dans un autre pays.&#xD;
----------- ABSTRACT:This study was conducted to assess the effects of deinstitutionalization of “long-stay” patients during the process of closing Hospital Miguel Bombarda (2007-2011). This process included the fusion, in 2008, of the two main psychiatric hospitals in Lisbon- Hospital Miguel Bombarda (HMB) and Hospital Júlio de Matos (HJM), into Centro Psiquiátrico Hospitalar de Lisboa (CHPL). A control group of still institutionalized patients in CHPL (n=166) was used as a comparison with the deinstitutionalized population (n=146). Of this 312 initial sample only 142 (76 cases and 66 controls) were included, the main causes of exclusion being diagnoses (organic disease, dementia and mental retardation- as first diagnoses) and transference between hospitals. Deinstitutionalization is mainly evaluated in terms of psychopathology, use of services, satisfaction, crime, vagrancy and deaths. The results show that most long-stay patients can successfully leave psychiatric hospitals and be relocated in the community without an increase in psychopathology, crime or vagrancy. Satisfaction seems to be improved in those patients. On the other hand, mortality remains an issue of concern: Although there was no possibility of comparing it between cases and controls, the Standard Mortality Rate (SMR) in our study was found to be much higher than expected judging by other studies results. A longitudinal further study of this same population will be the matter for a future investigation, possibily compared with another similar population from a desinstitutionalization programme in another country.</description>
    <dc:date>2012-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
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