http://hdl.handle.net/10362/3205 2013-05-18T04:24:43Z 2013-05-18T04:24:43Z Irfan, Muhammad http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9425 2013-05-02T13:26:09Z 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Knowledge and practices of general practitioners of district Peshawar about schizophrenia Authors: Irfan, Muhammad Abstract: ABSTRACT: Schizophrenia with its disabling features has been placed in the top ten of global burden of disease and is associated with long-term decline in functional ability. General Practitioners not only have an important role in treating patients with an established diagnosis of schizophrenia but they can also contribute significantly by identifying people in early stages of psychosis as they are the first hand medical help available and the duration of untreated psychosis is a good indicator of patient’s prognosis. This cross sectional survey, conducted at the clinics of General Practitioners, was designed to assess the knowledge and practices of general practitioners in Peshawar on diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia. A semi structured questionnaire was used to assess their knowledge and practices regarding schizophrenia. The Knowledge/Practice was then categorized as good or poor based on their responses to the questions of the administered questionnaire. Overall, the results showed that the knowledge and practices of general practitioners of district Peshawar were poor regarding schizophrenia and may be responsible for delayed diagnosis, inadequate treatment and poor prognosis.

2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Sá, Edmundo José Bragança de http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9253 2013-04-08T10:57:39Z 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: How effective are brief interventions in smoking cessation: project of a cohort study in a family health care unit Authors: Sá, Edmundo José Bragança de Abstract: ABSTRACT: Tobacco use remains the most significant modifiable cause of disability, death and illness1. In Portugal, 19,6% of the population aged ten years or more smoke3. A Cochrane review of 20087 concluded that a brief advice intervention (compared to usual care) can increase the likelihood of a smoker to quit and remain nonsmoker 12 months later by a further 1 to 3 %. Several studies have shown that Primary Care Physicians can play a key role in these interventions8,9,10. However we did not find studies about the effectiveness of brief interventions in routine consultations of Family Doctors in Portugal. For this reason we designed a Cohort Study to make an exploratory study about the effectiveness of brief interventions of less than three minutes in comparison with usual care in routine consultations. The study will be implemented in a Family Healthcare Unit in Beja, during six months. Family Doctors of the intervention group should be submitted for an educational and training program before the study begin. Quit smoking sustained rates will be estimated one year after the first intervention in each smoker. If, as we expect, quit smoking rates will be higher in the intervention group than in the control group, this may change Portuguese Family Doctors attitudes and increase the provision of brief interventions in routine consultations in Primary Healthcare Centers.

2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Talina, António Miguel Cotrim http://hdl.handle.net/10362/5545 2013-03-11T17:04:37Z 2004-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Internamento compulsivo em psiquiatria. estudo comparativo de doentes com internamento compulsivo versus voluntário na Grande Lisboa Authors: Talina, António Miguel Cotrim Abstract: RESUMO O internamento compulsivo em psiquiatria é uma intervenção de última linha nos indivíduos que manifestam perturbações mentais graves e recusam tratamento, fundamentada nos princípios de necessidade terapêutica e de protecção social. Em Portugal, a última lei que regulamenta o internamento compulsivo vigora desde 1999 (Lei 36/98 de 24 de Julho) e configura esta medida como um internamento por decisão judicial, à semelhança de outros países europeus. A presente investigação, de características exploratórias, pretendeu avaliar os doentes internados involuntariamente do ponto de vista socio-demográfico e clínico e estudar as diferenças entre estes doentes e os doentes internados voluntariamente na região da Grande Lisboa. Para atingir estes objectivos foi delineado um estudo observacional, transversal e comparativo. A partir de uma amostra de conveniência de doentes internados compulsivamente procedeu-se ao emparelhamento dos doentes com psicoses “funcionais”, segundo as variáveis sexo, idade, diagnóstico e duração da doença, com igual número de doentes internados voluntariamente. Como instrumentos de avaliação foram aplicados uma entrevista semi-estruturada para as variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas, o Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale 4.0 para a psicopatologia e duas sub-escalas do Historical, Clinical, Risk Management-20 para o risco de violência. No período do estudo (1 de Março a 30 de Junho de 2002) foram internados compulsivamente 74 indivíduos, metade dos quais foram conduzidos aos serviços de urgência com mandado da Autoridade de Saúde. O internamento de urgência foi o procedimento inicial em cerca de noventa por cento dos casos. A maioria dos doentes pertenciam ao sexo masculino (60%) e apresentavam quadros psicóticos “funcionais” (82%). Na amostra emparelhada de 102 doentes não se observaram variáveis sociodemográficas ou clínicas significativamente diferentes em relação aos doentes internados voluntariamente, com excepção dos antecedentes e risco de violência. Os resultados sugerem que a proposta de internamento compulsivo neste grupo de doentes seguiu um modelo de decisão baseado na prevenção de perigo.

2004-01-01T00:00:00Z